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Abstract
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This paper analyzes, systematizes, and characterizes the criminal complaints filed by the National Institute of Human Rights of Chile (Instituto Nacional de Derechos Humanos de Chile, INDH) during the “social unrest” in Chile between October 2019 and March 2020. Of the total of 3,216 criminal complaints filed by the INDH, a sample of 232 cases was reviewed across ten different regions and before 16 guarantee courts in the country. The analysis made it possible to identify the types of harm reported by victims, with trauma injuries being the most frequent. Regarding unlawful conduct, illegitimate coercion, torture, and unnecessary violence are the most common. Four years after the filing of these complaints, the response capacity of the justice system has been less encouraging than expected. The ways in which most cases have been concluded are unsatisfactory for the victims, as only two of the 232 criminal complaints have ended with the issuance of judgments. It would be desirable for both the facts and the participation of those responsible to be established in a greater number of the cases among the one-third of proceedings that remain pending. Therefore, a significant challenge for the rule of law in Chile is to ensure that, within reasonable time frames, justice prevails over impunity in cases concerning human rights violations committed during the 2019–2020 social unrest.
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