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Abstract
This research begins by defining what ayahuasca is, its effects, and the risks its consumption poses for public health. The use of ayahuasca in shamanic, religious, psychotherapeutic, or self-knowledge rituals has expanded over the last decades almost worldwide. The various uses of this psychoactive brew pose challenges to different national legal systems and to international law. International drug conventions and the resolutions of the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) are reflected in different regulatory frameworks and judicial decisions. In the case of ayahuasca, the actions of State authorities in protecting public health sometimes create legal uncertainty, regulatory gaps, and restrictions on rights. Simultaneously, the legal limbo surrounding ayahuasca use in many countries generates health risks and confusion in interpreting and applying legal norms.
Our work analyzes, based on these facts, the different uses of ayahuasca, its search for legitimacy, and its legal and de facto situation in various states.
Finally, the paper offers a reflection on the global legal regulation of ayahuasca. Legal analysis and understanding of the diverse uses of ayahuasca provide the opportunity to highlight the need to establish the foundations for a new international legal framework.
Keywords
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