Prohibition in the USA, the USSR, and the UAE: Ideological and Procedural Differences, Causes of Failures or Successes

Resumo

This study is relevant in light of a thorough investigation of alcohol control and prohibition in the United States of America, the United Arab Emirates, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In order to establish the causes of their successes or failures on the matter it is necessary to analize experiences in the regulation of alcohol abuse and consumption in the modern world, as well as ideological and procedural differences in alcohol control campaigns. The purpose of this study is to investigate the features of the introduction of prohibition in the United States of America, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United Arab Emirates, looking to establish and interpret the results of their anti-alcohol campaigns. A wide array of methods were used to carry out the investigation, such as: dialectical method; formalisation; cognitive method; formal-legal method; hermeneutical method; logical-legal method; systemic method; structural-functional method; axiomatic method; method of induction and deduction; and method of analysis and synthesis. The study analysed various anti-alcohol campaigns; established the background to the introduction of Prohibition in the United States of America, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United Arab Emirates; assessed the main successes and failures of Prohibition; identified reasons for the repeal of alcohol bans; and highlighted differences between the various anti-alcohol campaigns in the United States of America,
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United Arab Emirates. The findings include: a definition of
the phenomenon of “prohibition” itself, and what preceded it; a study of the anti-alcohol campaign in the United States and the consequences arising from the introduction of Prohibition; an examination of the
nature of alcohol restrictions and bans in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the many failures of
Gorbachev's anti-alcohol campaign; and a study of the reasons for keeping alcohol restrictions in the United Arab Emirates. The provisions enshrined in this article are of practical value primarily to government officials whose responsibilities include campaigning against alcohol and its effects on law enforcement, economic policy, regulatory entities and other spheres of public life.

Referências

A. Caspian. Everyday life in the United States in an age of prosperity and dry law. Moscow: Young Guard, 2008.

A. A. Fokin. “Resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On strengthening the fight against drunkness and bringing order in the trade in strong spirit drinks" and the anti-alcohol campaign of the 1960s.” Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State University 12, no. 341 (2014): 109-115.

B. Fallow. “Dry Law, Wet Politics: Drinking and Prohibition in the Post-Revolutionary Yucatan, 1915-1935.” Latin American Research Review 37, no. 2 (2002): 37-64.

B. Oleshko, and V. Pivovarchuk. Anti-alcohol campaigns in the USSR (60s-80s), 2021. http://molodyvcheny.in.ua/files/conf/other/59june2021/9.pdf.

Constitutional Amendment XVIII, 1919. https://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/gna/Quellen-sammlung/07/07_amendmentstotheconstitution_1919.htm.

Constitutional Amendment XXI, 1933. https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-21.

D.L. Luke, E. Owens, and G. Charm. “Effectiveness and consequences of alcohol regulation: data from India.” IZA Journal of Development and Migration 9 (2019): 1-26.

Decree of the Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR No. 903-VIII “On measures to strengthen the fight against drunkenness and alcoholism,” 1972. https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/UP720808?an=2.

Decree of the Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR No. 23 “On measures to strengthen the fight against drunkenness and alcoholism, the eradication of home brewing,” 1985. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/280-11#Text.

Decree of the Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR No. 23.

Federal Decree Law No. 15. “Amending Certain Provisions of the Federal Law No. 3 of 1987 Concerning the Penal Code,” 2020, https://cutt.ly/UCqns2J.

G. Dedurin. Historical practice of dry law in Russia (USSR) and the United States: pros and cons, 2019. http://univd.edu.ua/science-issue/issue/320.

I.O. Voronina. “Legal control of anti-alcoholic campaigns in the USSR.” Legal bulletin DGU 3 (2013): 20-22.

K. Sheiko. “International experience in combating illicit trafficking in alcoholic beverages.” Journal of Kyiv University of Law 2 (2019): 195-202.

L. D. Laise. “What women want: probation and violence against women.” Novum Jus 16, no. 2 (2022): 77-105.

L. Pytlovana. “The Prohibitionist Movement in the United States: The Dry Law Party in a Caricature of the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries,” 23-33.

M. Kurnosova, “Current problems of world history,” Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University, 8 (2016): 1-47.

P. Gai-Nyzhnyk. “Woodrow Wilson's political views in the pre-presidential period of his life and work.” Scientific notes of the IF Kuras Institute for Political and Ethnonational Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 39 (2008): 67-77.

R. Hofstedter. The Age of Reform: From Bryan to F.D.R. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1955.

R.F. Hamm. Shaping the Eighteenth Amendment: temperance reform, legal culture, and the polity, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: NC University of North Carolina Press, 1995.

Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR No. 218 “On the organization of the implementation of the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of May 7, 1985 No. 410 "On measures to overcome drunkenness and alcoholism, the eradication of home brewing",” 1985, https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/KP850218?an=731759.

Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR No. 588 “On the list of issues to be considered at the meetings of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in the first half of 1983,” 1982, https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/588-82-%D0%BF#top.

S. Ivanov. “"Dry Law": legal norms and everyday practices in the world in the XIX-XX centuries.” Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 94, no. 100 (2019): 1-2.

S. Pivovarov, and E. Spirin. 36 years ago in the USSR introduced the last and harshest dry law. We remember how in the Soviet Union they fought against drunkenness and constantly lost (in archival photos, posters and cartoons).

S. Pivovarov, and E. Spirin, 36 years ago in the USSR introduced the last and harshest dry law. We remember how in the Soviet Union they fought against drunkenness and constantly lost (in archival photos, posters and cartoons).

States with total and phased-wise prohibition of alcohol in India, 2016, https://cutt.ly/ xCqiTpQ; S. Pivovarov, and E. Spirin, 36 years ago in the USSR introduced the last and harshest dry law. We remember how in the Soviet Union they fought against drunkenness and constantly lost (in archival photos, posters and cartoons), 2021, https://cutt.ly/wCqi3f2; L. Pytlovana, “The Prohibitionist Movement in the United States: The Dry Law Party in a Caricature of the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries,” American History and Politics: A Scientific Journal 11 (2021): 23-33.

Tatarinov, “Dry Law" in Bessarabia during the interim governmentt.” In: Ya.V. Kichuk (Ed.), Theoretical, methodological and practical problems of history, philosophy, sociology, political science, law. Ismail: Ismail State Humanitarian University, 2017.

This day in history. Alcohol production officially resumed in the United States 84 years ago. 2020. https://cutt.ly/5CqfWGT.

USA Dry Law: Stages of Adoption and Implications, 2020. http://referat-ok.com.ua/work/ suhij-zakon-ssha-etapi-prijnjattja-ta-naslidki/.

V. Gospodarenko, The main directions of USA criminal policy: formation and implementation (Kyiv: Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 2019).

V.V. Prilutskiy. “Dry Law on Russian soil: the impact of the American experience on sober movement and the struggle for a ban in the Russian Empire at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries.” White Years 51, no. 1 (2019): 198-208.

Volstead Act, 1919. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/volstead-act.

Yu. Latysh. “Gorbachev's anti-alcohol campaign: causes, gains and losses.” Ukraine of the XX Century: Culture, Ideology, Politics 21 (2016): 85-100.

##submission.citations.for##